Sounds like the filter itself is the issue. You draw the liquid into the syringe first with nothing attached. After that you add the filter plus a new needle and push everything through into the vial or cartridge.
I'm losing it over here. Prepared a new batch of tirz30 and the stuff just won't draw into the syringe when I try to filter it. Burned through four filters, two luer-lock syringes, and about six needles. Totally stuck and nothing online gave any useful fix.